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- '''Base classes and helpers for building zone specific tzinfo classes'''
- from datetime import datetime, timedelta, tzinfo
- from bisect import bisect_right
- try:
- set
- except NameError:
- from sets import Set as set
- import pytz
- from pytz.exceptions import AmbiguousTimeError, NonExistentTimeError
- __all__ = []
- _timedelta_cache = {}
- def memorized_timedelta(seconds):
- '''Create only one instance of each distinct timedelta'''
- try:
- return _timedelta_cache[seconds]
- except KeyError:
- delta = timedelta(seconds=seconds)
- _timedelta_cache[seconds] = delta
- return delta
- _epoch = datetime.utcfromtimestamp(0)
- _datetime_cache = {0: _epoch}
- def memorized_datetime(seconds):
- '''Create only one instance of each distinct datetime'''
- try:
- return _datetime_cache[seconds]
- except KeyError:
- # NB. We can't just do datetime.utcfromtimestamp(seconds) as this
- # fails with negative values under Windows (Bug #90096)
- dt = _epoch + timedelta(seconds=seconds)
- _datetime_cache[seconds] = dt
- return dt
- _ttinfo_cache = {}
- def memorized_ttinfo(*args):
- '''Create only one instance of each distinct tuple'''
- try:
- return _ttinfo_cache[args]
- except KeyError:
- ttinfo = (
- memorized_timedelta(args[0]),
- memorized_timedelta(args[1]),
- args[2]
- )
- _ttinfo_cache[args] = ttinfo
- return ttinfo
- _notime = memorized_timedelta(0)
- def _to_seconds(td):
- '''Convert a timedelta to seconds'''
- return td.seconds + td.days * 24 * 60 * 60
- class BaseTzInfo(tzinfo):
- # Overridden in subclass
- _utcoffset = None
- _tzname = None
- zone = None
- def __str__(self):
- return self.zone
- class StaticTzInfo(BaseTzInfo):
- '''A timezone that has a constant offset from UTC
- These timezones are rare, as most locations have changed their
- offset at some point in their history
- '''
- def fromutc(self, dt):
- '''See datetime.tzinfo.fromutc'''
- if dt.tzinfo is not None and dt.tzinfo is not self:
- raise ValueError('fromutc: dt.tzinfo is not self')
- return (dt + self._utcoffset).replace(tzinfo=self)
- def utcoffset(self, dt, is_dst=None):
- '''See datetime.tzinfo.utcoffset
- is_dst is ignored for StaticTzInfo, and exists only to
- retain compatibility with DstTzInfo.
- '''
- return self._utcoffset
- def dst(self, dt, is_dst=None):
- '''See datetime.tzinfo.dst
- is_dst is ignored for StaticTzInfo, and exists only to
- retain compatibility with DstTzInfo.
- '''
- return _notime
- def tzname(self, dt, is_dst=None):
- '''See datetime.tzinfo.tzname
- is_dst is ignored for StaticTzInfo, and exists only to
- retain compatibility with DstTzInfo.
- '''
- return self._tzname
- def localize(self, dt, is_dst=False):
- '''Convert naive time to local time'''
- if dt.tzinfo is not None:
- raise ValueError('Not naive datetime (tzinfo is already set)')
- return dt.replace(tzinfo=self)
- def normalize(self, dt, is_dst=False):
- '''Correct the timezone information on the given datetime.
- This is normally a no-op, as StaticTzInfo timezones never have
- ambiguous cases to correct:
- >>> from pytz import timezone
- >>> gmt = timezone('GMT')
- >>> isinstance(gmt, StaticTzInfo)
- True
- >>> dt = datetime(2011, 5, 8, 1, 2, 3, tzinfo=gmt)
- >>> gmt.normalize(dt) is dt
- True
- The supported method of converting between timezones is to use
- datetime.astimezone(). Currently normalize() also works:
- >>> la = timezone('America/Los_Angeles')
- >>> dt = la.localize(datetime(2011, 5, 7, 1, 2, 3))
- >>> fmt = '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %Z (%z)'
- >>> gmt.normalize(dt).strftime(fmt)
- '2011-05-07 08:02:03 GMT (+0000)'
- '''
- if dt.tzinfo is self:
- return dt
- if dt.tzinfo is None:
- raise ValueError('Naive time - no tzinfo set')
- return dt.astimezone(self)
- def __repr__(self):
- return '<StaticTzInfo %r>' % (self.zone,)
- def __reduce__(self):
- # Special pickle to zone remains a singleton and to cope with
- # database changes.
- return pytz._p, (self.zone,)
- class DstTzInfo(BaseTzInfo):
- '''A timezone that has a variable offset from UTC
- The offset might change if daylight saving time comes into effect,
- or at a point in history when the region decides to change their
- timezone definition.
- '''
- # Overridden in subclass
- # Sorted list of DST transition times, UTC
- _utc_transition_times = None
- # [(utcoffset, dstoffset, tzname)] corresponding to
- # _utc_transition_times entries
- _transition_info = None
- zone = None
- # Set in __init__
- _tzinfos = None
- _dst = None # DST offset
- def __init__(self, _inf=None, _tzinfos=None):
- if _inf:
- self._tzinfos = _tzinfos
- self._utcoffset, self._dst, self._tzname = _inf
- else:
- _tzinfos = {}
- self._tzinfos = _tzinfos
- self._utcoffset, self._dst, self._tzname = (
- self._transition_info[0])
- _tzinfos[self._transition_info[0]] = self
- for inf in self._transition_info[1:]:
- if inf not in _tzinfos:
- _tzinfos[inf] = self.__class__(inf, _tzinfos)
- def fromutc(self, dt):
- '''See datetime.tzinfo.fromutc'''
- if (dt.tzinfo is not None and
- getattr(dt.tzinfo, '_tzinfos', None) is not self._tzinfos):
- raise ValueError('fromutc: dt.tzinfo is not self')
- dt = dt.replace(tzinfo=None)
- idx = max(0, bisect_right(self._utc_transition_times, dt) - 1)
- inf = self._transition_info[idx]
- return (dt + inf[0]).replace(tzinfo=self._tzinfos[inf])
- def normalize(self, dt):
- '''Correct the timezone information on the given datetime
- If date arithmetic crosses DST boundaries, the tzinfo
- is not magically adjusted. This method normalizes the
- tzinfo to the correct one.
- To test, first we need to do some setup
- >>> from pytz import timezone
- >>> utc = timezone('UTC')
- >>> eastern = timezone('US/Eastern')
- >>> fmt = '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %Z (%z)'
- We next create a datetime right on an end-of-DST transition point,
- the instant when the wallclocks are wound back one hour.
- >>> utc_dt = datetime(2002, 10, 27, 6, 0, 0, tzinfo=utc)
- >>> loc_dt = utc_dt.astimezone(eastern)
- >>> loc_dt.strftime(fmt)
- '2002-10-27 01:00:00 EST (-0500)'
- Now, if we subtract a few minutes from it, note that the timezone
- information has not changed.
- >>> before = loc_dt - timedelta(minutes=10)
- >>> before.strftime(fmt)
- '2002-10-27 00:50:00 EST (-0500)'
- But we can fix that by calling the normalize method
- >>> before = eastern.normalize(before)
- >>> before.strftime(fmt)
- '2002-10-27 01:50:00 EDT (-0400)'
- The supported method of converting between timezones is to use
- datetime.astimezone(). Currently, normalize() also works:
- >>> th = timezone('Asia/Bangkok')
- >>> am = timezone('Europe/Amsterdam')
- >>> dt = th.localize(datetime(2011, 5, 7, 1, 2, 3))
- >>> fmt = '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %Z (%z)'
- >>> am.normalize(dt).strftime(fmt)
- '2011-05-06 20:02:03 CEST (+0200)'
- '''
- if dt.tzinfo is None:
- raise ValueError('Naive time - no tzinfo set')
- # Convert dt in localtime to UTC
- offset = dt.tzinfo._utcoffset
- dt = dt.replace(tzinfo=None)
- dt = dt - offset
- # convert it back, and return it
- return self.fromutc(dt)
- def localize(self, dt, is_dst=False):
- '''Convert naive time to local time.
- This method should be used to construct localtimes, rather
- than passing a tzinfo argument to a datetime constructor.
- is_dst is used to determine the correct timezone in the ambigous
- period at the end of daylight saving time.
- >>> from pytz import timezone
- >>> fmt = '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %Z (%z)'
- >>> amdam = timezone('Europe/Amsterdam')
- >>> dt = datetime(2004, 10, 31, 2, 0, 0)
- >>> loc_dt1 = amdam.localize(dt, is_dst=True)
- >>> loc_dt2 = amdam.localize(dt, is_dst=False)
- >>> loc_dt1.strftime(fmt)
- '2004-10-31 02:00:00 CEST (+0200)'
- >>> loc_dt2.strftime(fmt)
- '2004-10-31 02:00:00 CET (+0100)'
- >>> str(loc_dt2 - loc_dt1)
- '1:00:00'
- Use is_dst=None to raise an AmbiguousTimeError for ambiguous
- times at the end of daylight saving time
- >>> try:
- ... loc_dt1 = amdam.localize(dt, is_dst=None)
- ... except AmbiguousTimeError:
- ... print('Ambiguous')
- Ambiguous
- is_dst defaults to False
- >>> amdam.localize(dt) == amdam.localize(dt, False)
- True
- is_dst is also used to determine the correct timezone in the
- wallclock times jumped over at the start of daylight saving time.
- >>> pacific = timezone('US/Pacific')
- >>> dt = datetime(2008, 3, 9, 2, 0, 0)
- >>> ploc_dt1 = pacific.localize(dt, is_dst=True)
- >>> ploc_dt2 = pacific.localize(dt, is_dst=False)
- >>> ploc_dt1.strftime(fmt)
- '2008-03-09 02:00:00 PDT (-0700)'
- >>> ploc_dt2.strftime(fmt)
- '2008-03-09 02:00:00 PST (-0800)'
- >>> str(ploc_dt2 - ploc_dt1)
- '1:00:00'
- Use is_dst=None to raise a NonExistentTimeError for these skipped
- times.
- >>> try:
- ... loc_dt1 = pacific.localize(dt, is_dst=None)
- ... except NonExistentTimeError:
- ... print('Non-existent')
- Non-existent
- '''
- if dt.tzinfo is not None:
- raise ValueError('Not naive datetime (tzinfo is already set)')
- # Find the two best possibilities.
- possible_loc_dt = set()
- for delta in [timedelta(days=-1), timedelta(days=1)]:
- loc_dt = dt + delta
- idx = max(0, bisect_right(
- self._utc_transition_times, loc_dt) - 1)
- inf = self._transition_info[idx]
- tzinfo = self._tzinfos[inf]
- loc_dt = tzinfo.normalize(dt.replace(tzinfo=tzinfo))
- if loc_dt.replace(tzinfo=None) == dt:
- possible_loc_dt.add(loc_dt)
- if len(possible_loc_dt) == 1:
- return possible_loc_dt.pop()
- # If there are no possibly correct timezones, we are attempting
- # to convert a time that never happened - the time period jumped
- # during the start-of-DST transition period.
- if len(possible_loc_dt) == 0:
- # If we refuse to guess, raise an exception.
- if is_dst is None:
- raise NonExistentTimeError(dt)
- # If we are forcing the pre-DST side of the DST transition, we
- # obtain the correct timezone by winding the clock forward a few
- # hours.
- elif is_dst:
- return self.localize(
- dt + timedelta(hours=6), is_dst=True) - timedelta(hours=6)
- # If we are forcing the post-DST side of the DST transition, we
- # obtain the correct timezone by winding the clock back.
- else:
- return self.localize(
- dt - timedelta(hours=6),
- is_dst=False) + timedelta(hours=6)
- # If we get this far, we have multiple possible timezones - this
- # is an ambiguous case occuring during the end-of-DST transition.
- # If told to be strict, raise an exception since we have an
- # ambiguous case
- if is_dst is None:
- raise AmbiguousTimeError(dt)
- # Filter out the possiblilities that don't match the requested
- # is_dst
- filtered_possible_loc_dt = [
- p for p in possible_loc_dt if bool(p.tzinfo._dst) == is_dst
- ]
- # Hopefully we only have one possibility left. Return it.
- if len(filtered_possible_loc_dt) == 1:
- return filtered_possible_loc_dt[0]
- if len(filtered_possible_loc_dt) == 0:
- filtered_possible_loc_dt = list(possible_loc_dt)
- # If we get this far, we have in a wierd timezone transition
- # where the clocks have been wound back but is_dst is the same
- # in both (eg. Europe/Warsaw 1915 when they switched to CET).
- # At this point, we just have to guess unless we allow more
- # hints to be passed in (such as the UTC offset or abbreviation),
- # but that is just getting silly.
- #
- # Choose the earliest (by UTC) applicable timezone if is_dst=True
- # Choose the latest (by UTC) applicable timezone if is_dst=False
- # i.e., behave like end-of-DST transition
- dates = {} # utc -> local
- for local_dt in filtered_possible_loc_dt:
- utc_time = (
- local_dt.replace(tzinfo=None) - local_dt.tzinfo._utcoffset)
- assert utc_time not in dates
- dates[utc_time] = local_dt
- return dates[[min, max][not is_dst](dates)]
- def utcoffset(self, dt, is_dst=None):
- '''See datetime.tzinfo.utcoffset
- The is_dst parameter may be used to remove ambiguity during DST
- transitions.
- >>> from pytz import timezone
- >>> tz = timezone('America/St_Johns')
- >>> ambiguous = datetime(2009, 10, 31, 23, 30)
- >>> str(tz.utcoffset(ambiguous, is_dst=False))
- '-1 day, 20:30:00'
- >>> str(tz.utcoffset(ambiguous, is_dst=True))
- '-1 day, 21:30:00'
- >>> try:
- ... tz.utcoffset(ambiguous)
- ... except AmbiguousTimeError:
- ... print('Ambiguous')
- Ambiguous
- '''
- if dt is None:
- return None
- elif dt.tzinfo is not self:
- dt = self.localize(dt, is_dst)
- return dt.tzinfo._utcoffset
- else:
- return self._utcoffset
- def dst(self, dt, is_dst=None):
- '''See datetime.tzinfo.dst
- The is_dst parameter may be used to remove ambiguity during DST
- transitions.
- >>> from pytz import timezone
- >>> tz = timezone('America/St_Johns')
- >>> normal = datetime(2009, 9, 1)
- >>> str(tz.dst(normal))
- '1:00:00'
- >>> str(tz.dst(normal, is_dst=False))
- '1:00:00'
- >>> str(tz.dst(normal, is_dst=True))
- '1:00:00'
- >>> ambiguous = datetime(2009, 10, 31, 23, 30)
- >>> str(tz.dst(ambiguous, is_dst=False))
- '0:00:00'
- >>> str(tz.dst(ambiguous, is_dst=True))
- '1:00:00'
- >>> try:
- ... tz.dst(ambiguous)
- ... except AmbiguousTimeError:
- ... print('Ambiguous')
- Ambiguous
- '''
- if dt is None:
- return None
- elif dt.tzinfo is not self:
- dt = self.localize(dt, is_dst)
- return dt.tzinfo._dst
- else:
- return self._dst
- def tzname(self, dt, is_dst=None):
- '''See datetime.tzinfo.tzname
- The is_dst parameter may be used to remove ambiguity during DST
- transitions.
- >>> from pytz import timezone
- >>> tz = timezone('America/St_Johns')
- >>> normal = datetime(2009, 9, 1)
- >>> tz.tzname(normal)
- 'NDT'
- >>> tz.tzname(normal, is_dst=False)
- 'NDT'
- >>> tz.tzname(normal, is_dst=True)
- 'NDT'
- >>> ambiguous = datetime(2009, 10, 31, 23, 30)
- >>> tz.tzname(ambiguous, is_dst=False)
- 'NST'
- >>> tz.tzname(ambiguous, is_dst=True)
- 'NDT'
- >>> try:
- ... tz.tzname(ambiguous)
- ... except AmbiguousTimeError:
- ... print('Ambiguous')
- Ambiguous
- '''
- if dt is None:
- return self.zone
- elif dt.tzinfo is not self:
- dt = self.localize(dt, is_dst)
- return dt.tzinfo._tzname
- else:
- return self._tzname
- def __repr__(self):
- if self._dst:
- dst = 'DST'
- else:
- dst = 'STD'
- if self._utcoffset > _notime:
- return '<DstTzInfo %r %s+%s %s>' % (
- self.zone, self._tzname, self._utcoffset, dst
- )
- else:
- return '<DstTzInfo %r %s%s %s>' % (
- self.zone, self._tzname, self._utcoffset, dst
- )
- def __reduce__(self):
- # Special pickle to zone remains a singleton and to cope with
- # database changes.
- return pytz._p, (
- self.zone,
- _to_seconds(self._utcoffset),
- _to_seconds(self._dst),
- self._tzname
- )
- def unpickler(zone, utcoffset=None, dstoffset=None, tzname=None):
- """Factory function for unpickling pytz tzinfo instances.
- This is shared for both StaticTzInfo and DstTzInfo instances, because
- database changes could cause a zones implementation to switch between
- these two base classes and we can't break pickles on a pytz version
- upgrade.
- """
- # Raises a KeyError if zone no longer exists, which should never happen
- # and would be a bug.
- tz = pytz.timezone(zone)
- # A StaticTzInfo - just return it
- if utcoffset is None:
- return tz
- # This pickle was created from a DstTzInfo. We need to
- # determine which of the list of tzinfo instances for this zone
- # to use in order to restore the state of any datetime instances using
- # it correctly.
- utcoffset = memorized_timedelta(utcoffset)
- dstoffset = memorized_timedelta(dstoffset)
- try:
- return tz._tzinfos[(utcoffset, dstoffset, tzname)]
- except KeyError:
- # The particular state requested in this timezone no longer exists.
- # This indicates a corrupt pickle, or the timezone database has been
- # corrected violently enough to make this particular
- # (utcoffset,dstoffset) no longer exist in the zone, or the
- # abbreviation has been changed.
- pass
- # See if we can find an entry differing only by tzname. Abbreviations
- # get changed from the initial guess by the database maintainers to
- # match reality when this information is discovered.
- for localized_tz in tz._tzinfos.values():
- if (localized_tz._utcoffset == utcoffset and
- localized_tz._dst == dstoffset):
- return localized_tz
- # This (utcoffset, dstoffset) information has been removed from the
- # zone. Add it back. This might occur when the database maintainers have
- # corrected incorrect information. datetime instances using this
- # incorrect information will continue to do so, exactly as they were
- # before being pickled. This is purely an overly paranoid safety net - I
- # doubt this will ever been needed in real life.
- inf = (utcoffset, dstoffset, tzname)
- tz._tzinfos[inf] = tz.__class__(inf, tz._tzinfos)
- return tz._tzinfos[inf]
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