open62541/src/server/ua_services_attribute.c

#include "ua_server_internal.h"
#include "ua_services.h"

/******************/
/* Read Attribute */
/******************/

/* force cast for zero-copy reading. ensure that the variant is never written
   into. */
static void
forceVariantSetScalar(UA_Variant *v, const void *p, const UA_DataType *t) {
    UA_Variant_init(v);
    v->type = t;
    v->data = (void*)(uintptr_t)p;
    v->storageType = UA_VARIANT_DATA_NODELETE;
}

static UA_StatusCode
getVariableNodeValue(UA_Server *server, UA_Session *session, const UA_VariableNode *vn,
                     const UA_TimestampsToReturn timestamps, const UA_ReadValueId *id,
                     UA_DataValue *v) {
    UA_NumericRange range;
    UA_NumericRange *rangeptr = NULL;
    UA_StatusCode retval = UA_STATUSCODE_GOOD;
    if(id->indexRange.length > 0) {
        retval = parse_numericrange(&id->indexRange, &range);
        if(retval != UA_STATUSCODE_GOOD)
            return retval;
        rangeptr = ⦥
    }

    if(vn->valueSource == UA_VALUESOURCE_DATA) {
        if(vn->value.data.callback.onRead)
            vn->value.data.callback.onRead(vn->value.data.callback.handle,
                                           vn->nodeId, &v->value, rangeptr);
        if(!rangeptr) {
            *v = vn->value.data.value;
            v->value.storageType = UA_VARIANT_DATA_NODELETE;
        } else
            retval = UA_Variant_copyRange(&vn->value.data.value.value, &v->value, range);
    } else {
        if(!vn->value.dataSource.read) {
            UA_LOG_DEBUG_SESSION(server->config.logger, session,
                                 "DataSource cannot be read in ReadRequest");
            retval = UA_STATUSCODE_BADINTERNALERROR;
        } else {
            UA_Boolean sourceTimeStamp = (timestamps == UA_TIMESTAMPSTORETURN_SOURCE ||
                                          timestamps == UA_TIMESTAMPSTORETURN_BOTH);
            retval = vn->value.dataSource.read(vn->value.dataSource.handle, vn->nodeId,
                                               sourceTimeStamp, rangeptr, v);
        }
    }

    if(rangeptr)
        UA_free(range.dimensions);
    return retval;
}

static UA_StatusCode
getVariableNodeArrayDimensions(const UA_VariableNode *vn, UA_DataValue *v) {
    UA_Variant_setArray(&v->value, vn->arrayDimensions,
                        vn->arrayDimensionsSize, &UA_TYPES[UA_TYPES_INT32]);
    v->value.storageType = UA_VARIANT_DATA_NODELETE;
    v->hasValue = true;
    return UA_STATUSCODE_GOOD;
}

static UA_StatusCode
getIsAbstractAttribute(const UA_Node *node, UA_Variant *v) {
    const UA_Boolean *isAbstract;
    switch(node->nodeClass) {
    case UA_NODECLASS_REFERENCETYPE:
        isAbstract = &((const UA_ReferenceTypeNode*)node)->isAbstract;
        break;
    case UA_NODECLASS_OBJECTTYPE:
        isAbstract = &((const UA_ObjectTypeNode*)node)->isAbstract;
        break;
    case UA_NODECLASS_VARIABLETYPE:
        isAbstract = &((const UA_VariableTypeNode*)node)->isAbstract;
        break;
    case UA_NODECLASS_DATATYPE:
        isAbstract = &((const UA_DataTypeNode*)node)->isAbstract;
        break;
    default:
        return UA_STATUSCODE_BADATTRIBUTEIDINVALID;
    }
    forceVariantSetScalar(v, isAbstract, &UA_TYPES[UA_TYPES_BOOLEAN]);
    return UA_STATUSCODE_GOOD;
}

static const UA_String binEncoding = {sizeof("DefaultBinary")-1, (UA_Byte*)"DefaultBinary"};
/* clang complains about unused variables */
/* static const UA_String xmlEncoding = {sizeof("DefaultXml")-1, (UA_Byte*)"DefaultXml"}; */

#define CHECK_NODECLASS(CLASS)                                  \
    if(!(node->nodeClass & (CLASS))) {                          \
        retval = UA_STATUSCODE_BADATTRIBUTEIDINVALID;           \
        break;                                                  \
    }

/* Reads a single attribute from a node in the nodestore */
void Service_Read_single(UA_Server *server, UA_Session *session,
                         const UA_TimestampsToReturn timestamps,
                         const UA_ReadValueId *id, UA_DataValue *v) {
    UA_LOG_DEBUG_SESSION(server->config.logger, session,
                         "Read the attribute %i", id->attributeId);
    if(id->dataEncoding.name.length > 0 &&
       !UA_String_equal(&binEncoding, &id->dataEncoding.name)) {
           v->hasStatus = true;
           v->status = UA_STATUSCODE_BADDATAENCODINGUNSUPPORTED;
           return;
    }

    /* index range for a non-value */
    if(id->indexRange.length > 0 && id->attributeId != UA_ATTRIBUTEID_VALUE){
        v->hasStatus = true;
        v->status = UA_STATUSCODE_BADINDEXRANGENODATA;
        return;
    }

    const UA_Node *node = UA_NodeStore_get(server->nodestore, &id->nodeId);
    if(!node) {
        v->hasStatus = true;
        v->status = UA_STATUSCODE_BADNODEIDUNKNOWN;
        return;
    }

    /* When setting the value fails in the switch, we get an error code and set
       hasValue to false */
    UA_StatusCode retval = UA_STATUSCODE_GOOD;
    v->hasValue = true;
    switch(id->attributeId) {
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_NODEID:
        forceVariantSetScalar(&v->value, &node->nodeId, &UA_TYPES[UA_TYPES_NODEID]);
        break;
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_NODECLASS:
        forceVariantSetScalar(&v->value, &node->nodeClass, &UA_TYPES[UA_TYPES_NODECLASS]);
        break;
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_BROWSENAME:
        forceVariantSetScalar(&v->value, &node->browseName, &UA_TYPES[UA_TYPES_QUALIFIEDNAME]);
        break;
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_DISPLAYNAME:
        forceVariantSetScalar(&v->value, &node->displayName, &UA_TYPES[UA_TYPES_LOCALIZEDTEXT]);
        break;
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_DESCRIPTION:
        forceVariantSetScalar(&v->value, &node->description, &UA_TYPES[UA_TYPES_LOCALIZEDTEXT]);
        break;
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_WRITEMASK:
        forceVariantSetScalar(&v->value, &node->writeMask, &UA_TYPES[UA_TYPES_UINT32]);
        break;
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_USERWRITEMASK:
        forceVariantSetScalar(&v->value, &node->userWriteMask, &UA_TYPES[UA_TYPES_UINT32]);
        break;
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_ISABSTRACT:
        retval = getIsAbstractAttribute(node, &v->value);
        break;
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_SYMMETRIC:
        CHECK_NODECLASS(UA_NODECLASS_REFERENCETYPE);
        forceVariantSetScalar(&v->value, &((const UA_ReferenceTypeNode*)node)->symmetric,
                              &UA_TYPES[UA_TYPES_BOOLEAN]);
        break;
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_INVERSENAME:
        CHECK_NODECLASS(UA_NODECLASS_REFERENCETYPE);
        forceVariantSetScalar(&v->value, &((const UA_ReferenceTypeNode*)node)->inverseName,
                              &UA_TYPES[UA_TYPES_LOCALIZEDTEXT]);
        break;
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_CONTAINSNOLOOPS:
        CHECK_NODECLASS(UA_NODECLASS_VIEW);
        forceVariantSetScalar(&v->value, &((const UA_ViewNode*)node)->containsNoLoops,
                              &UA_TYPES[UA_TYPES_BOOLEAN]);
        break;
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_EVENTNOTIFIER:
        CHECK_NODECLASS(UA_NODECLASS_VIEW | UA_NODECLASS_OBJECT);
        forceVariantSetScalar(&v->value, &((const UA_ViewNode*)node)->eventNotifier,
                              &UA_TYPES[UA_TYPES_BYTE]);
        break;
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_VALUE:
        CHECK_NODECLASS(UA_NODECLASS_VARIABLE | UA_NODECLASS_VARIABLETYPE);
        retval = getVariableNodeValue(server, session, (const UA_VariableNode*)node, timestamps, id, v);
        break;
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_DATATYPE:
        CHECK_NODECLASS(UA_NODECLASS_VARIABLE | UA_NODECLASS_VARIABLETYPE);
        forceVariantSetScalar(&v->value, &((const UA_VariableTypeNode*)node)->dataType,
                              &UA_TYPES[UA_TYPES_NODEID]);
        break;
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_VALUERANK:
        CHECK_NODECLASS(UA_NODECLASS_VARIABLE | UA_NODECLASS_VARIABLETYPE);
        forceVariantSetScalar(&v->value, &((const UA_VariableTypeNode*)node)->valueRank,
                              &UA_TYPES[UA_TYPES_INT32]);
        break;
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_ARRAYDIMENSIONS:
        CHECK_NODECLASS(UA_NODECLASS_VARIABLE | UA_NODECLASS_VARIABLETYPE);
        retval = getVariableNodeArrayDimensions((const UA_VariableNode*)node, v);
        break;
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_ACCESSLEVEL:
        CHECK_NODECLASS(UA_NODECLASS_VARIABLE);
        forceVariantSetScalar(&v->value, &((const UA_VariableNode*)node)->accessLevel,
                              &UA_TYPES[UA_TYPES_BYTE]);
        break;
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_USERACCESSLEVEL:
        CHECK_NODECLASS(UA_NODECLASS_VARIABLE);
        forceVariantSetScalar(&v->value, &((const UA_VariableNode*)node)->userAccessLevel,
                              &UA_TYPES[UA_TYPES_BYTE]);
        break;
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_MINIMUMSAMPLINGINTERVAL:
        CHECK_NODECLASS(UA_NODECLASS_VARIABLE);
        forceVariantSetScalar(&v->value, &((const UA_VariableNode*)node)->minimumSamplingInterval,
                              &UA_TYPES[UA_TYPES_DOUBLE]);
        break;
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_HISTORIZING:
        CHECK_NODECLASS(UA_NODECLASS_VARIABLE);
        forceVariantSetScalar(&v->value, &((const UA_VariableNode*)node)->historizing,
                              &UA_TYPES[UA_TYPES_BOOLEAN]);
        break;
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_EXECUTABLE:
        CHECK_NODECLASS(UA_NODECLASS_METHOD);
        forceVariantSetScalar(&v->value, &((const UA_MethodNode*)node)->executable,
                              &UA_TYPES[UA_TYPES_BOOLEAN]);
        break;
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_USEREXECUTABLE:
        CHECK_NODECLASS(UA_NODECLASS_METHOD);
        forceVariantSetScalar(&v->value, &((const UA_MethodNode*)node)->userExecutable,
                              &UA_TYPES[UA_TYPES_BOOLEAN]);
        break;
    default:
        retval = UA_STATUSCODE_BADATTRIBUTEIDINVALID;
    }

    if(retval != UA_STATUSCODE_GOOD) {
        v->hasValue = false;
        v->hasStatus = true;
        v->status = retval;
    }
}

void Service_Read(UA_Server *server, UA_Session *session,
                  const UA_ReadRequest *request, UA_ReadResponse *response) {
    UA_LOG_DEBUG_SESSION(server->config.logger, session, "Processing ReadRequest");
    if(request->nodesToReadSize <= 0) {
        response->responseHeader.serviceResult = UA_STATUSCODE_BADNOTHINGTODO;
        return;
    }

    /* check if the timestampstoreturn is valid */
    if(request->timestampsToReturn > UA_TIMESTAMPSTORETURN_NEITHER) {
        response->responseHeader.serviceResult = UA_STATUSCODE_BADTIMESTAMPSTORETURNINVALID;
        return;
    }

    size_t size = request->nodesToReadSize;
    response->results = UA_Array_new(size, &UA_TYPES[UA_TYPES_DATAVALUE]);
    if(!response->results) {
        response->responseHeader.serviceResult = UA_STATUSCODE_BADOUTOFMEMORY;
        return;
    }

    response->resultsSize = size;
    if(request->maxAge < 0) {
        response->responseHeader.serviceResult = UA_STATUSCODE_BADMAXAGEINVALID;
        return;
    }

#ifdef UA_ENABLE_EXTERNAL_NAMESPACES
    UA_Boolean isExternal[size];
    UA_UInt32 indices[size];
    memset(isExternal, false, sizeof(UA_Boolean) * size);
    for(size_t j = 0;j<server->externalNamespacesSize;j++) {
        size_t indexSize = 0;
        for(size_t i = 0;i < size;i++) {
            if(request->nodesToRead[i].nodeId.namespaceIndex != server->externalNamespaces[j].index)
                continue;
            isExternal[i] = true;
            indices[indexSize] = (UA_UInt32)i;
            indexSize++;
        }
        if(indexSize == 0)
            continue;
        UA_ExternalNodeStore *ens = &server->externalNamespaces[j].externalNodeStore;
        ens->readNodes(ens->ensHandle, &request->requestHeader, request->nodesToRead,
                       indices, (UA_UInt32)indexSize, response->results, false,
                       response->diagnosticInfos);
    }
#endif

    for(size_t i = 0;i < size;i++) {
#ifdef UA_ENABLE_EXTERNAL_NAMESPACES
        if(!isExternal[i])
#endif
            Service_Read_single(server, session, request->timestampsToReturn,
                                &request->nodesToRead[i], &response->results[i]);
    }

#ifdef UA_ENABLE_NONSTANDARD_STATELESS
    /* Add an expiry header for caching */
    if(session->sessionId.namespaceIndex == 0 &&
       session->sessionId.identifierType == UA_NODEIDTYPE_NUMERIC &&
       session->sessionId.identifier.numeric == 0){
        UA_ExtensionObject additionalHeader;
        UA_ExtensionObject_init(&additionalHeader);
        additionalHeader.encoding = UA_EXTENSIONOBJECT_ENCODED_BYTESTRING;
        additionalHeader.content.encoded.typeId =UA_TYPES[UA_TYPES_VARIANT].typeId;

        UA_Variant variant;
        UA_Variant_init(&variant);

        UA_DateTime* expireArray = NULL;
        expireArray = UA_Array_new(request->nodesToReadSize,
                                   &UA_TYPES[UA_TYPES_DATETIME]);
        variant.data = expireArray;

        /* expires in 20 seconds */
        for(UA_UInt32 i = 0;i < response->resultsSize;i++) {
            expireArray[i] = UA_DateTime_now() + 20 * 100 * 1000 * 1000;
        }
        UA_Variant_setArray(&variant, expireArray, request->nodesToReadSize,
                            &UA_TYPES[UA_TYPES_DATETIME]);

        size_t offset = 0;
        UA_ByteString str;
        size_t strlength = UA_calcSizeBinary(&variant, &UA_TYPES[UA_TYPES_VARIANT]);
        UA_ByteString_allocBuffer(&str, strlength);
        /* No chunking callback for the encoding */
        UA_StatusCode retval = UA_encodeBinary(&variant, &UA_TYPES[UA_TYPES_VARIANT],
                                               NULL, NULL, &str, &offset);
        UA_Array_delete(expireArray, request->nodesToReadSize, &UA_TYPES[UA_TYPES_DATETIME]);
        if(retval == UA_STATUSCODE_GOOD){
            additionalHeader.content.encoded.body.data = str.data;
            additionalHeader.content.encoded.body.length = offset;
            response->responseHeader.additionalHeader = additionalHeader;
        }
    }
#endif
}

/* Exposes the Read service to local users */
UA_DataValue
UA_Server_read(UA_Server *server, const UA_ReadValueId *item,
               UA_TimestampsToReturn timestamps) {
    UA_DataValue dv;
    UA_DataValue_init(&dv);
    UA_RCU_LOCK();
    Service_Read_single(server, &adminSession, timestamps, item, &dv);
    UA_RCU_UNLOCK();
    return dv;
}

/* Used in inline functions exposing the Read service with more syntactic sugar
 * for individual attributes */
UA_StatusCode
__UA_Server_read(UA_Server *server, const UA_NodeId *nodeId,
                 const UA_AttributeId attributeId, void *v) {
    /* Call the read service */
    UA_ReadValueId item;
    UA_ReadValueId_init(&item);
    item.nodeId = *nodeId;
    item.attributeId = attributeId;
    UA_DataValue dv = UA_Server_read(server, &item, UA_TIMESTAMPSTORETURN_NEITHER);

    /* Check the return value */
    UA_StatusCode retval = UA_STATUSCODE_GOOD;
    if(dv.hasStatus)
        retval = dv.hasStatus;
    else if(!dv.hasValue)
        retval = UA_STATUSCODE_BADUNEXPECTEDERROR;
    if(retval != UA_STATUSCODE_GOOD) {
        UA_DataValue_deleteMembers(&dv);
        return retval;
    }

    /* Prepare the result */
     if(attributeId == UA_ATTRIBUTEID_VALUE ||
        attributeId == UA_ATTRIBUTEID_ARRAYDIMENSIONS) {
         /* Return the entire variant */
         if(dv.value.storageType == UA_VARIANT_DATA_NODELETE) {
             retval = UA_Variant_copy(&dv.value, v);
         } else {
             /* storageType is UA_VARIANT_DATA. Copy the entire variant
              * (including pointers and all) */
             memcpy(v, &dv.value, sizeof(UA_Variant));
         }
     }  else {
         /* Return the variant content only */
         if(dv.value.storageType == UA_VARIANT_DATA_NODELETE) {
             retval = UA_copy(dv.value.data, v, dv.value.type);
         } else {
             /* storageType is UA_VARIANT_DATA. Copy the content of the type
              * (including pointers and all) */
             memcpy(v, dv.value.data, dv.value.type->memSize);
             /* Delete the "carrier" in the variant */
             UA_free(dv.value.data);
         }
    }
    return retval;
}

/*******************/
/* Write Attribute */
/*******************/

enum type_equivalence {
    TYPE_EQUIVALENCE_NONE,
    TYPE_EQUIVALENCE_ENUM,
    TYPE_EQUIVALENCE_OPAQUE
};

static enum type_equivalence typeEquivalence(const UA_DataType *t) {
    if(t->membersSize != 1 || !t->members[0].namespaceZero)
        return TYPE_EQUIVALENCE_NONE;
    if(t->members[0].memberTypeIndex == UA_TYPES_INT32)
        return TYPE_EQUIVALENCE_ENUM;
    if(t->members[0].memberTypeIndex == UA_TYPES_BYTE && t->members[0].isArray)
        return TYPE_EQUIVALENCE_OPAQUE;
    return TYPE_EQUIVALENCE_NONE;
}

static const UA_DataType *
findDataType(const UA_NodeId *typeId) {
    for(size_t i = 0; i < UA_TYPES_COUNT; i++) {
        if(UA_TYPES[i].typeId.identifier.numeric == typeId->identifier.numeric)
            return &UA_TYPES[i];
    }
    return NULL;
}

/* Tests whether the value matches a variable definition given by
 * - datatype
 * - valueranke
 * - array dimensions.
 * Sometimes it can be necessary to transform the content of the value, e.g.
 * byte array to bytestring or uint32 to some enum. The editableValue may
 * contain a copy of the value. If possible, this value is edited to match the
 * datatype constraints. */
UA_StatusCode
UA_Variant_matchVariableDefinition(UA_Server *server, const UA_NodeId *variableDataTypeId,
                                   UA_Int32 variableValueRank, size_t variableArrayDimensionsSize,
                                   const UA_UInt32 *variableArrayDimensions, const UA_Variant *value,
                                   const UA_NumericRange *range, UA_Variant *editableValue) {
    /* No content is only allowed for BaseDataType */
    const UA_NodeId *valueDataTypeId;
    UA_NodeId basedatatype = UA_NODEID_NUMERIC(0, UA_NS0ID_BASEDATATYPE);
    if(value->type)
        valueDataTypeId = &value->type->typeId;
    else
        valueDataTypeId = &basedatatype;
    
    /* See if the types match. The nodeid on the wire may be != the nodeid in
     * the node for opaque types, enums and bytestrings. value contains the
     * correct type definition after the following paragraph */
    if(!UA_NodeId_equal(valueDataTypeId, variableDataTypeId)) {
        /* is this a subtype? */
        const UA_NodeId subtypeId = UA_NODEID_NUMERIC(0, UA_NS0ID_HASSUBTYPE);
        UA_Boolean found = false;
        UA_StatusCode retval = isNodeInTree(server->nodestore, valueDataTypeId,
                                            variableDataTypeId, &subtypeId, 1, &found);
        if(retval != UA_STATUSCODE_GOOD)
            return retval;
        if(found)
            goto check_array;

        const UA_DataType *variableDataType = findDataType(variableDataTypeId);
        const UA_DataType *valueDataType = findDataType(valueDataTypeId);
        if(!editableValue || !variableDataType || !valueDataType)
            return UA_STATUSCODE_BADTYPEMISMATCH;

        /* a string is written to a byte array. the valuerank and array
           dimensions are checked later */
        if(variableDataType == &UA_TYPES[UA_TYPES_BYTE] &&
           valueDataType == &UA_TYPES[UA_TYPES_BYTESTRING] &&
           !range && !UA_Variant_isScalar(value)) {
            UA_ByteString *str = (UA_ByteString*)value->data;
            editableValue->type = &UA_TYPES[UA_TYPES_BYTE];
            editableValue->arrayLength = str->length;
            editableValue->data = str->data;
            goto check_array;
        }

        /* An enum was sent as an int32, or an opaque type as a bytestring. This
         * is detected with the typeIndex indicating the "true" datatype. */
        enum type_equivalence te1 = typeEquivalence(variableDataType);
        enum type_equivalence te2 = typeEquivalence(valueDataType);
        if(te1 != TYPE_EQUIVALENCE_NONE && te1 == te2) {
            editableValue->type = variableDataType;
            goto check_array;
        }

        /* No more possible equivalencies */
        return UA_STATUSCODE_BADTYPEMISMATCH;
    }

    /* Work only on the possibly transformed variant */
    if(editableValue)
        value = editableValue;

 check_array:
    /* Check if the valuerank allows for the value dimension */
    switch(variableValueRank) {
    case -3: /* the value can be a scalar or a one dimensional array */
        if(value->arrayDimensionsSize > 1)
            return UA_STATUSCODE_BADTYPEMISMATCH;
        break;
    case -2: /* the value can be a scalar or an array with any number of dimensions */
        break;
    case -1: /* the value is a scalar */
        if(!UA_Variant_isScalar(value))
            return UA_STATUSCODE_BADTYPEMISMATCH;
        break;
    case 0: /* the value is an array with one or more dimensions */
        if(UA_Variant_isScalar(value))
            return UA_STATUSCODE_BADTYPEMISMATCH;
        break;
    default: /* >= 1: the value is an array with the specified number of dimensions */
        if(value->arrayDimensionsSize != (size_t)variableValueRank)
            return UA_STATUSCODE_BADTYPEMISMATCH;
    }

    /* Ranges are checked in detail during writing into the variant */
    if(range)
        return UA_STATUSCODE_GOOD;

    /* See if the array dimensions match */
    if(variableArrayDimensions) {
        if(value->arrayDimensionsSize != variableArrayDimensionsSize)
            return UA_STATUSCODE_BADTYPEMISMATCH;
        /* dimension size zero in the node definition: this value dimension can be any size */
        for(size_t i = 0; i < variableArrayDimensionsSize; i++) {
            if(variableArrayDimensions[i] != value->arrayDimensions[i] &&
               variableArrayDimensions[i] != 0)
                return UA_STATUSCODE_BADTYPEMISMATCH;
        }
    }
    return UA_STATUSCODE_GOOD;
}

UA_StatusCode
UA_VariableNode_setDataType(UA_Server *server, UA_VariableNode *node,
                            const UA_VariableTypeNode *vt,
                            const UA_NodeId *dataType) {
    /* If this is a variabletype, there must be no instances or subtypes of it
       when we do the change */
    if(node->nodeClass == UA_NODECLASS_VARIABLETYPE &&
       UA_Node_hasSubTypeOrInstances((const UA_Node*)node))
        return UA_STATUSCODE_BADINTERNALERROR;

    /* Is the type abstract? */
    if(vt->isAbstract)
        return UA_STATUSCODE_BADTYPEMISMATCH;

    /* Does the new type match the constraints of the variabletype? */
    UA_NodeId subtypeId = UA_NODEID_NUMERIC(0, UA_NS0ID_HASSUBTYPE);
    UA_Boolean found = false;
    UA_StatusCode retval = isNodeInTree(server->nodestore, dataType,
                                        &vt->dataType, &subtypeId, 1, &found);
    if(retval != UA_STATUSCODE_GOOD || !found)
        return UA_STATUSCODE_BADTYPEMISMATCH;

    /* Check if the current value would match the new type */
    if(node->value.data.value.hasValue) {
        retval = UA_Variant_matchVariableDefinition(server, dataType, node->valueRank,
                                                    node->arrayDimensionsSize, node->arrayDimensions,
                                                    &node->value.data.value.value, NULL, NULL);
        if(retval != UA_STATUSCODE_GOOD)
            return retval;
    }
    
    /* replace the datatype nodeid */
    UA_NodeId dtCopy = node->dataType;
    retval = UA_NodeId_copy(dataType, &node->dataType);
    if(retval != UA_STATUSCODE_GOOD) {
        node->dataType = dtCopy;
        return retval;
    }
    UA_NodeId_deleteMembers(&dtCopy);
    return UA_STATUSCODE_GOOD; 
}

UA_StatusCode
UA_VariableNode_setValueRank(UA_Server *server, UA_VariableNode *node,
                             const UA_VariableTypeNode *vt,
                             const UA_Int32 valueRank) {
    /* If this is a variabletype, there must be no instances or subtypes of it
       when we do the change */
    if(node->nodeClass == UA_NODECLASS_VARIABLETYPE &&
       UA_Node_hasSubTypeOrInstances((const UA_Node*)node))
        return UA_STATUSCODE_BADINTERNALERROR;
    
    /* Check if the valuerank of the type allows the change */
    switch(vt->valueRank) {
    case -3: /* the value can be a scalar or a one dimensional array */
        if(valueRank != -1 && valueRank != 1)
            return UA_STATUSCODE_BADTYPEMISMATCH;
        break;
    case -2: /* the value can be a scalar or an array with any number of dimensions */
        break;
    case -1: /* the value is a scalar */
        return UA_STATUSCODE_BADTYPEMISMATCH;
    case 0: /* the value is an array with one or more dimensions */
        if(valueRank < 0)
            return UA_STATUSCODE_BADTYPEMISMATCH;
        break;
    default: /* >= 1: the value is an array with the specified number of dimensions */
        return UA_STATUSCODE_BADTYPEMISMATCH;
    }

    /* Check if the current value is compatible with the valueRank */
    if(node->value.data.value.hasValue) {
        UA_StatusCode retval =
            UA_Variant_matchVariableDefinition(server, &node->dataType, valueRank,
                                               node->arrayDimensionsSize, node->arrayDimensions,
                                               &node->value.data.value.value, NULL, NULL);
        if(retval != UA_STATUSCODE_GOOD)
            return retval;
    }

    /* Ok, apply */
    node->valueRank = valueRank;
    return UA_STATUSCODE_GOOD;
}

UA_StatusCode
UA_VariableNode_setArrayDimensions(UA_Server *server, UA_VariableNode *node,
                                   const UA_VariableTypeNode *vt,
                                   size_t arrayDimensionsSize, UA_UInt32 *arrayDimensions) {
    /* If this is a variabletype, there must be no instances or subtypes of it
     * when we do the change */
    if(node->nodeClass == UA_NODECLASS_VARIABLETYPE &&
       UA_Node_hasSubTypeOrInstances((const UA_Node*)node))
        return UA_STATUSCODE_BADINTERNALERROR;

    /* Check if the array dimensions match with the valuerank */
    switch(node->valueRank) {
    case -3: /* the value can be a scalar or a one dimensional array */
        if(arrayDimensionsSize > 1)
            return UA_STATUSCODE_BADTYPEMISMATCH;
        break;
    case -2: /* the value can be a scalar or an array with any number of dimensions */
        break;
    case -1: /* the value is a scalar */
        if(arrayDimensionsSize > 0)
            return UA_STATUSCODE_BADTYPEMISMATCH;
        break;
    case 0: /* the value is an array with one or more dimensions */
        /* no arraydimensions => array of dimension 1 */
        break;
    default: /* >= 1: the value is an array with the specified number of dimensions */
        if(node->valueRank < 0)
            return UA_STATUSCODE_BADTYPEMISMATCH;
        if(arrayDimensionsSize == 0 && node->valueRank == 1)
            /* no arraydimensions => array of dimension 1 */
            break;
        if(arrayDimensionsSize != (size_t)node->valueRank)
            return UA_STATUSCODE_BADTYPEMISMATCH;
    }

    /* Check if the array dimensions match with the wildcards in the
     * variabletype (dimension length 0) */
    if(vt->arrayDimensions) {
        if(vt->arrayDimensionsSize != arrayDimensionsSize)
            return UA_STATUSCODE_BADTYPEMISMATCH;
        for(size_t i = 0; i < arrayDimensionsSize; i++) {
            if(vt->arrayDimensions[i] != 0 &&
               vt->arrayDimensions[i] != arrayDimensions[i])
                return UA_STATUSCODE_BADTYPEMISMATCH;
        }
    }

    /* Check if the current value is compatible with the array dimensions */
    UA_StatusCode retval;
    if(node->value.data.value.hasValue) {
        retval = UA_Variant_matchVariableDefinition(server, &node->dataType, node->valueRank,
                                                    arrayDimensionsSize, arrayDimensions,
                                                    &node->value.data.value.value, NULL, NULL);
        if(retval != UA_STATUSCODE_GOOD)
            return retval;
    }

    /* Ok, apply */
    UA_UInt32 *oldArrayDimensions = node->arrayDimensions;
    retval = UA_Array_copy(arrayDimensions, arrayDimensionsSize,
                           (void**)&node->arrayDimensions, &UA_TYPES[UA_TYPES_INT32]);
    if(retval != UA_STATUSCODE_GOOD)
        return retval;
    UA_free(oldArrayDimensions);
    node->arrayDimensionsSize = arrayDimensionsSize;
    return UA_STATUSCODE_GOOD;
}

UA_StatusCode
UA_VariableNode_setValue(UA_Server *server, UA_VariableNode *node,
                         const UA_DataValue *value, const UA_String *indexRange) {
    /* Parse the range */
    UA_NumericRange range;
    UA_NumericRange *rangeptr = NULL;
    UA_StatusCode retval = UA_STATUSCODE_GOOD;
    if(indexRange && indexRange->length > 0) {
        if(!value->hasValue || !node->value.data.value.hasValue)
            return UA_STATUSCODE_BADINDEXRANGENODATA;
        retval = parse_numericrange(indexRange, &range);
        if(retval != UA_STATUSCODE_GOOD)
            return retval;
        rangeptr = &range;
    }

    /* Check the type definition and use a possibly transformed variant that
     * matches the node data type */
    UA_DataValue editableValue = *value;
    editableValue.value.storageType = UA_VARIANT_DATA_NODELETE;
    editableValue.serverTimestamp = UA_DateTime_now();
    editableValue.hasServerTimestamp = true;
    editableValue.hasServerPicoseconds = false;
    if(value->hasValue) {
        retval = UA_Variant_matchVariableDefinition(server, &node->dataType, node->valueRank,
                                                    node->arrayDimensionsSize, node->arrayDimensions,
                                                    &value->value, rangeptr, &editableValue.value);
        if(retval != UA_STATUSCODE_GOOD)
            goto cleanup;
    }

    /* write the value */
    if(node->valueSource == UA_VALUESOURCE_DATA) {
        if(!rangeptr) {
            UA_Variant old_value = node->value.data.value.value;
            retval = UA_DataValue_copy(&editableValue, &node->value.data.value);
            if(retval == UA_STATUSCODE_GOOD)
                UA_Variant_deleteMembers(&old_value);
            else
                node->value.data.value.value = old_value; 
        } else {
            if(!node->value.data.value.hasValue || !editableValue.hasValue) {
                retval = UA_STATUSCODE_BADINDEXRANGEINVALID;
                goto cleanup;
            }
            /* TODO: Catch error during setRangeCopy (make a copy of the value
               in the server?) */
            retval = UA_Variant_setRangeCopy(&node->value.data.value.value, editableValue.value.data,
                                             editableValue.value.arrayLength, range);
            node->value.data.value.hasStatus = editableValue.hasStatus;
            node->value.data.value.hasSourceTimestamp = editableValue.hasSourceTimestamp;
            node->value.data.value.hasServerTimestamp = editableValue.hasServerTimestamp;
            node->value.data.value.hasSourcePicoseconds = editableValue.hasSourcePicoseconds;
            node->value.data.value.hasServerPicoseconds = editableValue.hasServerPicoseconds;
            node->value.data.value.status = editableValue.status;
            node->value.data.value.sourceTimestamp = editableValue.sourceTimestamp;
            node->value.data.value.sourcePicoseconds = editableValue.sourcePicoseconds;
            node->value.data.value.serverTimestamp = editableValue.serverTimestamp;
            node->value.data.value.serverPicoseconds = editableValue.serverPicoseconds;
        }
        /* post-write callback */
        if(retval == UA_STATUSCODE_GOOD && node->value.data.callback.onWrite)
            node->value.data.callback.onWrite(node->value.data.callback.handle, node->nodeId,
                                              &node->value.data.value.value, rangeptr);
    } else {
        /* TODO: Don't make a copy of the node in the multithreaded case */
        if(node->value.dataSource.write)
            retval = node->value.dataSource.write(node->value.dataSource.handle, node->nodeId,
                                                  &value->value, rangeptr);
        else
            retval = UA_STATUSCODE_BADWRITENOTSUPPORTED;
    }

 cleanup:
    if(rangeptr)
        UA_free(range.dimensions);

    return retval;
}

static UA_StatusCode
writeIsAbstractAttribute(UA_Node *node, UA_Boolean value) {
    switch(node->nodeClass) {
    case UA_NODECLASS_OBJECTTYPE:
        ((UA_ObjectTypeNode*)node)->isAbstract = value;
        break;
    case UA_NODECLASS_REFERENCETYPE:
        ((UA_ReferenceTypeNode*)node)->isAbstract = value;
        break;
    case UA_NODECLASS_VARIABLETYPE:
        ((UA_VariableTypeNode*)node)->isAbstract = value;
        break;
    case UA_NODECLASS_DATATYPE:
        ((UA_DataTypeNode*)node)->isAbstract = value;
        break;
    default:
        return UA_STATUSCODE_BADNODECLASSINVALID;
    }
    return UA_STATUSCODE_GOOD;
}

#define CHECK_DATATYPE_SCALAR(EXP_DT)                                   \
    if(!wvalue->value.hasValue ||                                       \
       &UA_TYPES[UA_TYPES_##EXP_DT] != wvalue->value.value.type ||      \
       !UA_Variant_isScalar(&wvalue->value.value)) {                    \
        retval = UA_STATUSCODE_BADTYPEMISMATCH;                         \
        break;                                                          \
    }

#define CHECK_DATATYPE_ARRAY(EXP_DT)                                    \
    if(!wvalue->value.hasValue ||                                       \
       &UA_TYPES[UA_TYPES_##EXP_DT] != wvalue->value.value.type ||      \
       UA_Variant_isScalar(&wvalue->value.value)) {                     \
        retval = UA_STATUSCODE_BADTYPEMISMATCH;                         \
        break;                                                          \
    }

#define CHECK_NODECLASS_WRITE(CLASS)                                    \
    if((node->nodeClass & (CLASS)) == 0) {                              \
        retval = UA_STATUSCODE_BADNODECLASSINVALID;                     \
        break;                                                          \
    }

/* this function implements the main part of the write service */
static UA_StatusCode
CopyAttributeIntoNode(UA_Server *server, UA_Session *session,
                      UA_Node *node, const UA_WriteValue *wvalue) {
    if(!wvalue->value.hasValue)
        return UA_STATUSCODE_BADTYPEMISMATCH;

    const void *value = wvalue->value.value.data;
    UA_StatusCode retval = UA_STATUSCODE_GOOD;
    switch(wvalue->attributeId) {
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_NODEID:
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_NODECLASS:
        retval = UA_STATUSCODE_BADWRITENOTSUPPORTED;
        break;
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_BROWSENAME:
        CHECK_DATATYPE_SCALAR(QUALIFIEDNAME);
        UA_QualifiedName_deleteMembers(&node->browseName);
        UA_QualifiedName_copy(value, &node->browseName);
        break;
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_DISPLAYNAME:
        CHECK_DATATYPE_SCALAR(LOCALIZEDTEXT);
        UA_LocalizedText_deleteMembers(&node->displayName);
        UA_LocalizedText_copy(value, &node->displayName);
        break;
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_DESCRIPTION:
        CHECK_DATATYPE_SCALAR(LOCALIZEDTEXT);
        UA_LocalizedText_deleteMembers(&node->description);
        UA_LocalizedText_copy(value, &node->description);
        break;
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_WRITEMASK:
        CHECK_DATATYPE_SCALAR(UINT32);
        node->writeMask = *(const UA_UInt32*)value;
        break;
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_USERWRITEMASK:
        CHECK_DATATYPE_SCALAR(UINT32);
        node->userWriteMask = *(const UA_UInt32*)value;
        break;
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_ISABSTRACT:
        CHECK_DATATYPE_SCALAR(BOOLEAN);
        retval = writeIsAbstractAttribute(node, *(const UA_Boolean*)value);
        break;
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_SYMMETRIC:
        CHECK_NODECLASS_WRITE(UA_NODECLASS_REFERENCETYPE);
        CHECK_DATATYPE_SCALAR(BOOLEAN);
        ((UA_ReferenceTypeNode*)node)->symmetric = *(const UA_Boolean*)value;
        break;
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_INVERSENAME:
        CHECK_NODECLASS_WRITE(UA_NODECLASS_REFERENCETYPE);
        CHECK_DATATYPE_SCALAR(LOCALIZEDTEXT);
        UA_LocalizedText_deleteMembers(&((UA_ReferenceTypeNode*)node)->inverseName);
        UA_LocalizedText_copy(value, &((UA_ReferenceTypeNode*)node)->inverseName);
        break;
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_CONTAINSNOLOOPS:
        CHECK_NODECLASS_WRITE(UA_NODECLASS_VIEW);
        CHECK_DATATYPE_SCALAR(BOOLEAN);
        ((UA_ViewNode*)node)->containsNoLoops = *(const UA_Boolean*)value;
        break;
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_EVENTNOTIFIER:
        CHECK_NODECLASS_WRITE(UA_NODECLASS_VIEW | UA_NODECLASS_OBJECT);
        CHECK_DATATYPE_SCALAR(BYTE);
        ((UA_ViewNode*)node)->eventNotifier = *(const UA_Byte*)value;
        break;
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_VALUE:
        CHECK_NODECLASS_WRITE(UA_NODECLASS_VARIABLE | UA_NODECLASS_VARIABLETYPE);
        retval = UA_VariableNode_setValue(server, (UA_VariableNode*)node,
                                          &wvalue->value, &wvalue->indexRange);
        break;
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_DATATYPE: {
        CHECK_NODECLASS_WRITE(UA_NODECLASS_VARIABLE | UA_NODECLASS_VARIABLETYPE);
        CHECK_DATATYPE_SCALAR(NODEID);
        const UA_VariableTypeNode *vt = getVariableNodeType(server, (UA_VariableNode*)node);
        if(vt)
            retval = UA_VariableNode_setDataType(server, (UA_VariableNode*)node,
                                                 vt, (const UA_NodeId*)value);
        else
            retval = UA_STATUSCODE_BADINTERNALERROR;
        break; }
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_VALUERANK: {
        CHECK_NODECLASS_WRITE(UA_NODECLASS_VARIABLE | UA_NODECLASS_VARIABLETYPE);
        CHECK_DATATYPE_SCALAR(INT32);
        const UA_VariableTypeNode *vt = getVariableNodeType(server, (UA_VariableNode*)node);
        if(vt)
            retval = UA_VariableNode_setValueRank(server, (UA_VariableNode*)node,
                                                  vt, *(const UA_Int32*)value);
        else
            retval = UA_STATUSCODE_BADINTERNALERROR;
        break; }
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_ARRAYDIMENSIONS:
        CHECK_NODECLASS_WRITE(UA_NODECLASS_VARIABLE | UA_NODECLASS_VARIABLETYPE);
        CHECK_DATATYPE_ARRAY(UINT32); {
            const UA_VariableTypeNode *vt = getVariableNodeType(server, (UA_VariableNode*)node);
            if(vt)
                retval = UA_VariableNode_setArrayDimensions(server, (UA_VariableNode*)node,
                                                            vt, wvalue->value.value.arrayLength,
                                                            wvalue->value.value.data);
            else
                retval = UA_STATUSCODE_BADINTERNALERROR;
        }
        break;
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_ACCESSLEVEL:
        CHECK_NODECLASS_WRITE(UA_NODECLASS_VARIABLE);
        CHECK_DATATYPE_SCALAR(BYTE);
        ((UA_VariableNode*)node)->accessLevel = *(const UA_Byte*)value;
        break;
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_USERACCESSLEVEL:
        CHECK_NODECLASS_WRITE(UA_NODECLASS_VARIABLE);
        CHECK_DATATYPE_SCALAR(BYTE);
        ((UA_VariableNode*)node)->userAccessLevel = *(const UA_Byte*)value;
        break;
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_MINIMUMSAMPLINGINTERVAL:
        CHECK_NODECLASS_WRITE(UA_NODECLASS_VARIABLE);
        CHECK_DATATYPE_SCALAR(DOUBLE);
        ((UA_VariableNode*)node)->minimumSamplingInterval = *(const UA_Double*)value;
        break;
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_HISTORIZING:
        CHECK_NODECLASS_WRITE(UA_NODECLASS_VARIABLE);
        CHECK_DATATYPE_SCALAR(BOOLEAN);
        ((UA_VariableNode*)node)->historizing = *(const UA_Boolean*)value;
        break;
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_EXECUTABLE:
        CHECK_NODECLASS_WRITE(UA_NODECLASS_METHOD);
        CHECK_DATATYPE_SCALAR(BOOLEAN);
        ((UA_MethodNode*)node)->executable = *(const UA_Boolean*)value;
        break;
    case UA_ATTRIBUTEID_USEREXECUTABLE:
        CHECK_NODECLASS_WRITE(UA_NODECLASS_METHOD);
        CHECK_DATATYPE_SCALAR(BOOLEAN);
        ((UA_MethodNode*)node)->userExecutable = *(const UA_Boolean*)value;
        break;
    default:
        retval = UA_STATUSCODE_BADATTRIBUTEIDINVALID;
        break;
    }
    if(retval != UA_STATUSCODE_GOOD)
        UA_LOG_INFO_SESSION(server->config.logger, session,
                            "WriteRequest returned status code 0x%08x", retval);
    return retval;
}

UA_StatusCode
Service_Write_single(UA_Server *server, UA_Session *session,
                     const UA_WriteValue *wvalue) {
    return UA_Server_editNode(server, session, &wvalue->nodeId,
                              (UA_EditNodeCallback)CopyAttributeIntoNode, wvalue);
}

void
Service_Write(UA_Server *server, UA_Session *session,
              const UA_WriteRequest *request, UA_WriteResponse *response) {
    UA_LOG_DEBUG_SESSION(server->config.logger, session, "Processing WriteRequest");
    if(request->nodesToWriteSize <= 0) {
        response->responseHeader.serviceResult = UA_STATUSCODE_BADNOTHINGTODO;
        return;
    }

    response->results = UA_Array_new(request->nodesToWriteSize,
                                     &UA_TYPES[UA_TYPES_STATUSCODE]);
    if(!response->results) {
        response->responseHeader.serviceResult = UA_STATUSCODE_BADOUTOFMEMORY;
        return;
    }
    response->resultsSize = request->nodesToWriteSize;

#ifdef UA_ENABLE_EXTERNAL_NAMESPACES
    UA_Boolean isExternal[request->nodesToWriteSize];
    UA_UInt32 indices[request->nodesToWriteSize];
    memset(isExternal, false, sizeof(UA_Boolean)*request->nodesToWriteSize);
    for(size_t j = 0; j < server->externalNamespacesSize; j++) {
        UA_UInt32 indexSize = 0;
        for(size_t i = 0; i < request->nodesToWriteSize; i++) {
            if(request->nodesToWrite[i].nodeId.namespaceIndex !=
               server->externalNamespaces[j].index)
                continue;
            isExternal[i] = true;
            indices[indexSize] = (UA_UInt32)i;
            indexSize++;
        }
        if(indexSize == 0)
            continue;
        UA_ExternalNodeStore *ens = &server->externalNamespaces[j].externalNodeStore;
        ens->writeNodes(ens->ensHandle, &request->requestHeader, request->nodesToWrite,
                        indices, indexSize, response->results, response->diagnosticInfos);
    }
#endif

    for(size_t i = 0;i < request->nodesToWriteSize;i++) {
#ifdef UA_ENABLE_EXTERNAL_NAMESPACES
        if(!isExternal[i])
#endif
            response->results[i] = Service_Write_single(server, session,
                                                        &request->nodesToWrite[i]);
    }
}

/* Expose the write service to local user */
UA_StatusCode
UA_Server_write(UA_Server *server, const UA_WriteValue *value) {
    UA_RCU_LOCK();
    UA_StatusCode retval = Service_Write_single(server, &adminSession, value);
    UA_RCU_UNLOCK();
    return retval;
}

/* Convenience function to be wrapped into inline functions */
UA_StatusCode
__UA_Server_write(UA_Server *server, const UA_NodeId *nodeId,
                  const UA_AttributeId attributeId,
                  const UA_DataType *attr_type,
                  const void *value) {
    UA_WriteValue wvalue;
    UA_WriteValue_init(&wvalue);
    wvalue.nodeId = *nodeId;
    wvalue.attributeId = attributeId;
    if(attr_type != &UA_TYPES[UA_TYPES_VARIANT]) {
        /* hacked cast. the target WriteValue is used as const anyway */
        UA_Variant_setScalar(&wvalue.value.value, (void*)(uintptr_t)value, attr_type);
    } else {
        wvalue.value.value = *(const UA_Variant*)value;
    }
    wvalue.value.hasValue = true;
    UA_StatusCode retval = UA_Server_write(server, &wvalue);
    return retval;
}