open62541/include/ua_types.h

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2013-2015 the contributors as stated in the AUTHORS file
 *
 * This file is part of open62541. open62541 is free software: you can
 * redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General
 * Public License, version 3 (as published by the Free Software Foundation) with
 * a static linking exception as stated in the LICENSE file provided with
 * open62541.
 *
 * open62541 is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
 * WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
 * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public License for more
 * details.
 */

#ifndef UA_TYPES_H_
#define UA_TYPES_H_

#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif

#include <inttypes.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include "ua_config.h"
#include "ua_constants.h"

/**
 * Data Types
 * ==========
 *
 * In open62541, all data types share the same basic API for creation, copying
 * and deletion. The header ua_types.h defines the builtin types. In addition,
 * we auto-generate ua_types_generated.h with additional types as well as the
 * following function definitions for all (builtin and generated) data types
 * ``T``.
 *
 * ``void T_init(T *ptr)``
 *   Initialize the data type. This is synonymous with zeroing out the memory,
 *   i.e. ``memset(dataptr, 0, sizeof(T))``.
 * ``T* T_new()``
 *   Allocate and return the memory for the data type. The memory is already initialized.
 * ``UA_StatusCode T_copy(const T *src, T *dst)``
 *   Copy the content of the data type. Returns ``UA_STATUSCODE_GOOD`` or
 *   ``UA_STATUSCODE_BADOUTOFMEMORY``.
 * ``void T_deleteMembers(T *ptr)``
 *   Delete the dynamically allocated content of the data type, but not the data type itself.
 * ``void T_delete(T *ptr)``
 *   Delete the content of the data type and the memory for the data type itself.
 *
 * OPC UA defines 25 builtin data types. All other data types are combinations
 * of the 25 builtin data types. */

#define UA_BUILTIN_TYPES_COUNT 25U

/**
 * Builtin Types Part 1
 * --------------------
 *
 * Boolean
 * ^^^^^^^
 * A two-state logical value (true or false). */
typedef bool UA_Boolean;
#define UA_TRUE true
#define UA_FALSE false

/**
 * SByte
 * ^^^^^
 * An integer value between -128 and 127. */
typedef int8_t UA_SByte;
#define UA_SBYTE_MAX 127
#define UA_SBYTE_MIN (-128)

/**
 * Byte
 * ^^^^
 * An integer value between 0 and 256. */
typedef uint8_t UA_Byte;
#define UA_BYTE_MAX 256
#define UA_BYTE_MIN 0

/**
 * Int16
 * ^^^^^
 * An integer value between -32 768 and 32 767. */
typedef int16_t UA_Int16;
#define UA_INT16_MAX 32767
#define UA_INT16_MIN (-32768)

/**
 * UInt16
 * ^^^^^^
 * An integer value between 0 and 65 535. */
typedef uint16_t UA_UInt16;
#define UA_UINT16_MAX 65535
#define UA_UINT16_MIN 0

/**
 * Int32
 * ^^^^^
 * An integer value between -2 147 483 648 and 2 147 483 647. */
typedef int32_t UA_Int32;
#define UA_INT32_MAX 2147483647
#define UA_INT32_MIN (-2147483648)

/**
 * UInt32
 * ^^^^^^
 * An integer value between 0 and 4 294 967 295. */
typedef uint32_t UA_UInt32;
#define UA_UINT32_MAX 4294967295
#define UA_UINT32_MIN 0

/**
 * Int64
 * ^^^^^
 * An integer value between -10 223 372 036 854 775 808 and 9 223 372 036 854 775 807. */
typedef int64_t UA_Int64;
#define UA_INT64_MAX (int64_t)9223372036854775807
#define UA_INT64_MIN ((int64_t)-9223372036854775808)

/**
 * UInt64
 * ^^^^^^
 * An integer value between 0 and 18 446 744 073 709 551 615. */
typedef uint64_t UA_UInt64;
#define UA_UINT64_MAX (int64_t)18446744073709551615
#define UA_UINT64_MIN (int64_t)0

/**
 * Float
 * ^^^^^
 * An IEEE single precision (32 bit) floating point value. */
typedef float UA_Float;

/**
 * Double
 * ^^^^^^
 * An IEEE double precision (64 bit) floating point value. */
typedef double UA_Double;

/**
 * .. _statuscode:
 *
 * StatusCode
 * ^^^^^^^^^^
 * A numeric identifier for a error or condition that is associated with a value or an
 * operation. See the section :ref:`statuscodes` for the meaning of a specific code. */
typedef uint32_t UA_StatusCode;

/**
 * Array handling
 * --------------
 * In OPC UA, arrays can have a length of zero or more with the usual meaning.
 * In addition, arrays can be undefined. Then, they don't even have a length. In
 * the binary encoding, this is indicated by an array of length -1.
 *
 * In open62541 however, we use ``size_t`` for array lengths. An undefined array
 * has length 0 and the data pointer is NULL. An array of length 0 also has
 * length 0 but points to a sentinel memory address. */
#define UA_EMPTY_ARRAY_SENTINEL ((void*)0x01)

/** Forward Declaration of UA_DataType. See Section `Generic Type Handling`_
    for details. */
struct UA_DataType;
typedef struct UA_DataType UA_DataType; 

/** The following functions are used for handling arrays of any data type. */

/* Allocates and initializes an array of variables of a specific type
 *
 * @param size The requested array length
 * @param type The datatype description
 * @return Returns the memory location of the variable or (void*)0 if no memory
           could be allocated */
void UA_EXPORT * UA_Array_new(size_t size, const UA_DataType *type) UA_FUNC_ATTR_MALLOC;

/* Allocates and copies an array
 *
 * @param src The memory location of the source array
 * @param size The size of the array
 * @param dst The location of the pointer to the new array
 * @param type The datatype of the array members
 * @return Returns UA_STATUSCODE_GOOD or UA_STATUSCODE_BADOUTOFMEMORY */
UA_StatusCode UA_EXPORT UA_Array_copy(const void *src, size_t size, void **dst, const UA_DataType *type) UA_FUNC_ATTR_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT;

/* Deletes an array.
 *
 * @param p The memory location of the array
 * @param size The size of the array
 * @param type The datatype of the array members */
void UA_EXPORT UA_Array_delete(void *p, size_t size, const UA_DataType *type);

/**
 * Builtin Types, Part 2
 * ---------------------
 *
 * String
 * ^^^^^^
 * A sequence of Unicode characters. Strings are just an array of UA_Byte. */
typedef struct {
    size_t length; /* The length of the string */
    UA_Byte *data; /* The content (not null-terminated) */
} UA_String;

/* Copies the content on the heap. Returns a null-string when alloc fails */
UA_String UA_EXPORT UA_String_fromChars(char const src[]) UA_FUNC_ATTR_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT;

UA_Boolean UA_EXPORT UA_String_equal(const UA_String *s1, const UA_String *s2);

UA_EXPORT extern const UA_String UA_STRING_NULL;

/**
 * ``UA_STRING`` returns a string pointing to the preallocated char-array.
 * ``UA_STRING_ALLOC`` is shorthand for ``UA_String_fromChars`` and makes a copy
 * of the char-array. */
static UA_INLINE UA_String
UA_STRING(char *chars) {
    UA_String str; str.length = strlen(chars);
    str.data = (UA_Byte*)chars; return str;
}

#define UA_STRING_ALLOC(CHARS) UA_String_fromChars(CHARS)

/**
 * DateTime
 * ^^^^^^^^
 * An instance in time. A DateTime value is encoded as a 64-bit signed integer
 * which represents the number of 100 nanosecond intervals since January 1, 1601
 * (UTC). */
typedef int64_t UA_DateTime;

/* Multiply to convert units for time difference computations */
#define UA_USEC_TO_DATETIME 10LL
#define UA_MSEC_TO_DATETIME (UA_USEC_TO_DATETIME * 1000LL)
#define UA_SEC_TO_DATETIME (UA_MSEC_TO_DATETIME * 1000LL)

/* Datetime of 1 Jan 1970 00:00 UTC */
#define UA_DATETIME_UNIX_EPOCH (11644473600LL * UA_SEC_TO_DATETIME)

/* The current time */
UA_DateTime UA_EXPORT UA_DateTime_now(void);

/* CPU clock invariant to system time changes. Use only for time diffs, not current time */
UA_DateTime UA_EXPORT UA_DateTime_nowMonotonic(void);

typedef struct UA_DateTimeStruct {
    UA_UInt16 nanoSec;
    UA_UInt16 microSec;
    UA_UInt16 milliSec;
    UA_UInt16 sec;
    UA_UInt16 min;
    UA_UInt16 hour;
    UA_UInt16 day;
    UA_UInt16 month;
    UA_UInt16 year;
} UA_DateTimeStruct;

UA_DateTimeStruct UA_EXPORT UA_DateTime_toStruct(UA_DateTime t);

UA_String UA_EXPORT UA_DateTime_toString(UA_DateTime t);

/**
 * Guid
 * ^^^^
 * A 16 byte value that can be used as a globally unique identifier. */
typedef struct {
    UA_UInt32 data1;
    UA_UInt16 data2;
    UA_UInt16 data3;
    UA_Byte   data4[8];
} UA_Guid;

UA_Boolean UA_EXPORT UA_Guid_equal(const UA_Guid *g1, const UA_Guid *g2);

/**
 * ByteString
 * ^^^^^^^^^^
 * A sequence of octets. */
typedef UA_String UA_ByteString;

static UA_INLINE UA_Boolean
UA_ByteString_equal(const UA_ByteString *string1, const UA_ByteString *string2) {
    return UA_String_equal((const UA_String*)string1, (const UA_String*)string2); }

/* Allocates memory of size length for the bytestring. The content is not set to zero. */
UA_StatusCode UA_EXPORT UA_ByteString_allocBuffer(UA_ByteString *bs, size_t length);

UA_EXPORT extern const UA_ByteString UA_BYTESTRING_NULL;

static UA_INLINE UA_ByteString
UA_BYTESTRING(char *chars) {
    UA_ByteString str; str.length = strlen(chars);
    str.data = (UA_Byte*)chars; return str;
}

static UA_INLINE UA_ByteString
UA_BYTESTRING_ALLOC(const char *chars) {
    UA_String str = UA_String_fromChars(chars); UA_ByteString bstr;
    bstr.length = str.length; bstr.data = str.data; return bstr;
}

/**
 * XmlElement
 * ^^^^^^^^^^
 * An XML element. */
typedef UA_String UA_XmlElement;

/**
 * NodeId
 * ^^^^^^
 * An identifier for a node in the address space of an OPC UA Server. */
enum UA_NodeIdType {
    UA_NODEIDTYPE_NUMERIC    = 0, /* In the binary encoding, this can also become 1 or 2
                                     (2byte and 4byte encoding of small numeric nodeids) */
    UA_NODEIDTYPE_STRING     = 3,
    UA_NODEIDTYPE_GUID       = 4,
    UA_NODEIDTYPE_BYTESTRING = 5
};

typedef struct {
    UA_UInt16 namespaceIndex;
    enum UA_NodeIdType identifierType;
    union {
        UA_UInt32     numeric;
        UA_String     string;
        UA_Guid       guid;
        UA_ByteString byteString;
    } identifier;
} UA_NodeId;

UA_EXPORT extern const UA_NodeId UA_NODEID_NULL;

static UA_INLINE UA_Boolean
UA_NodeId_isNull(const UA_NodeId *p) {
    return (p->namespaceIndex == 0 &&
            p->identifierType == UA_NODEIDTYPE_NUMERIC &&
            p->identifier.numeric == 0);
}

UA_Boolean UA_EXPORT UA_NodeId_equal(const UA_NodeId *n1, const UA_NodeId *n2);

/** The following functions are shorthand for creating NodeIds. */
static UA_INLINE UA_NodeId
UA_NODEID_NUMERIC(UA_UInt16 nsIndex, UA_UInt32 identifier) {
    UA_NodeId id; id.namespaceIndex = nsIndex;
    id.identifierType = UA_NODEIDTYPE_NUMERIC;
    id.identifier.numeric = identifier; return id;
}

static UA_INLINE UA_NodeId
UA_NODEID_STRING(UA_UInt16 nsIndex, char *chars) {
    UA_NodeId id; id.namespaceIndex = nsIndex;
    id.identifierType = UA_NODEIDTYPE_STRING;
    id.identifier.string = UA_STRING(chars); return id;
}

static UA_INLINE UA_NodeId
UA_NODEID_STRING_ALLOC(UA_UInt16 nsIndex, const char *chars) {
    UA_NodeId id; id.namespaceIndex = nsIndex;
    id.identifierType = UA_NODEIDTYPE_STRING;
    id.identifier.string = UA_STRING_ALLOC(chars); return id;
}

static UA_INLINE UA_NodeId
UA_NODEID_GUID(UA_UInt16 nsIndex, UA_Guid guid) {
    UA_NodeId id; id.namespaceIndex = nsIndex;
    id.identifierType = UA_NODEIDTYPE_GUID;
    id.identifier.guid = guid; return id;
}

static UA_INLINE UA_NodeId
UA_NODEID_BYTESTRING(UA_UInt16 nsIndex, char *chars) {
    UA_NodeId id; id.namespaceIndex = nsIndex;
    id.identifierType = UA_NODEIDTYPE_BYTESTRING;
    id.identifier.byteString = UA_BYTESTRING(chars); return id;
}

static UA_INLINE UA_NodeId
UA_NODEID_BYTESTRING_ALLOC(UA_UInt16 nsIndex, const char *chars) {
    UA_NodeId id; id.namespaceIndex = nsIndex;
    id.identifierType = UA_NODEIDTYPE_BYTESTRING;
    id.identifier.byteString = UA_BYTESTRING_ALLOC(chars); return id;
}

/**
 * ExpandedNodeId
 * ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 * A NodeId that allows the namespace URI to be specified instead of an index. */
typedef struct {
    UA_NodeId nodeId;
    UA_String namespaceUri;
    UA_UInt32 serverIndex;
} UA_ExpandedNodeId;

/** The following functions are shorthand for creating ExpandedNodeIds. */
static UA_INLINE UA_ExpandedNodeId
UA_EXPANDEDNODEID_NUMERIC(UA_UInt16 nsIndex, UA_UInt32 identifier) {
    UA_ExpandedNodeId id; id.nodeId = UA_NODEID_NUMERIC(nsIndex, identifier);
    id.serverIndex = 0; id.namespaceUri = UA_STRING_NULL; return id;
}

static UA_INLINE UA_ExpandedNodeId
UA_EXPANDEDNODEID_STRING(UA_UInt16 nsIndex, char *chars) {
    UA_ExpandedNodeId id; id.nodeId = UA_NODEID_STRING(nsIndex, chars);
    id.serverIndex = 0; id.namespaceUri = UA_STRING_NULL; return id;
}

static UA_INLINE UA_ExpandedNodeId
UA_EXPANDEDNODEID_STRING_ALLOC(UA_UInt16 nsIndex, const char *chars) {
    UA_ExpandedNodeId id; id.nodeId = UA_NODEID_STRING_ALLOC(nsIndex, chars);
    id.serverIndex = 0; id.namespaceUri = UA_STRING_NULL; return id;
}

static UA_INLINE UA_ExpandedNodeId
UA_EXPANDEDNODEID_STRING_GUID(UA_UInt16 nsIndex, UA_Guid guid) {
    UA_ExpandedNodeId id; id.nodeId = UA_NODEID_GUID(nsIndex, guid);
    id.serverIndex = 0; id.namespaceUri = UA_STRING_NULL; return id;
}

static UA_INLINE UA_ExpandedNodeId
UA_EXPANDEDNODEID_BYTESTRING(UA_UInt16 nsIndex, char *chars) {
    UA_ExpandedNodeId id; id.nodeId = UA_NODEID_BYTESTRING(nsIndex, chars);
    id.serverIndex = 0; id.namespaceUri = UA_STRING_NULL; return id;
}

static UA_INLINE UA_ExpandedNodeId
UA_EXPANDEDNODEID_BYTESTRING_ALLOC(UA_UInt16 nsIndex, const char *chars) {
    UA_ExpandedNodeId id; id.nodeId = UA_NODEID_BYTESTRING_ALLOC(nsIndex, chars);
    id.serverIndex = 0; id.namespaceUri = UA_STRING_NULL; return id;
}

/**
 * QualifiedName
 * ^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 * A name qualified by a namespace. */
typedef struct {
    UA_UInt16 namespaceIndex;
    UA_String name;
} UA_QualifiedName;

static UA_INLINE UA_QualifiedName
UA_QUALIFIEDNAME(UA_UInt16 nsIndex, char *chars) {
    UA_QualifiedName qn; qn.namespaceIndex = nsIndex;
    qn.name = UA_STRING(chars); return qn;
}

static UA_INLINE UA_QualifiedName
UA_QUALIFIEDNAME_ALLOC(UA_UInt16 nsIndex, const char *chars) {
    UA_QualifiedName qn; qn.namespaceIndex = nsIndex;
    qn.name = UA_STRING_ALLOC(chars); return qn;
}

/**
 * LocalizedText
 * ^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 * Human readable text with an optional locale identifier. */
typedef struct {
    UA_String locale;
    UA_String text;
} UA_LocalizedText;

static UA_INLINE UA_LocalizedText
UA_LOCALIZEDTEXT(char *locale, char *text) {
    UA_LocalizedText lt; lt.locale = UA_STRING(locale);
    lt.text = UA_STRING(text); return lt;
}

static UA_INLINE UA_LocalizedText
UA_LOCALIZEDTEXT_ALLOC(const char *locale, const char *text) {
    UA_LocalizedText lt; lt.locale = UA_STRING_ALLOC(locale);
    lt.text = UA_STRING_ALLOC(text); return lt;
}

/**
 * ExtensionObject
 * ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 * ExtensionObjects may contain scalars of any data type. Even those that are
 * unknown to the receiver. See the Section `Generic Type Handling`_ on how
 * types are described. An ExtensionObject always contains the NodeId of the
 * Data Type. If the data cannot be decoded, we keep the encoded string and the
 * NodeId. */
typedef struct {
    enum {
        UA_EXTENSIONOBJECT_ENCODED_NOBODY     = 0,
        UA_EXTENSIONOBJECT_ENCODED_BYTESTRING = 1,
        UA_EXTENSIONOBJECT_ENCODED_XML        = 2,
        UA_EXTENSIONOBJECT_DECODED            = 3,
        UA_EXTENSIONOBJECT_DECODED_NODELETE   = 4 /* Don't delete the decoded content
                                                     at the lifecycle end */
    } encoding;
    union {
        struct {
            UA_NodeId typeId;   /* The nodeid of the datatype */
            UA_ByteString body; /* The bytestring of the encoded data */
        } encoded;
        struct {
            const UA_DataType *type;
            void *data;
        } decoded;
    } content;
} UA_ExtensionObject;

/**
 * Variant
 * ^^^^^^^
 * Variants may contain data of any type. See the Section `Generic Type
 * Handling`_ on how types are described. If the data is not of one of the 25
 * builtin types, it will be encoded as an `ExtensionObject`_ on the wire. (The
 * standard says that a variant is a union of the built-in types. open62541
 * generalizes this to any data type by transparently de- and encoding
 * ExtensionObjects in the background. If the decoding fails, the variant
 * contains the original ExtensionObject.)
 *
 * Variants can contain a single scalar or an array. For details on the handling
 * of arrays, see the Section `Array Handling`_. Array variants can have an
 * additional dimensionality (matrix, 3-tensor, ...) defined in an array of
 * dimension sizes. Higher rank dimensions are serialized first.
 *
 * The differentiation between variants containing a scalar, an array or no data
 * is as follows:
 *
 * - arrayLength == 0 && data == NULL: no existing data
 * - arrayLength == 0 && data == UA_EMPTY_ARRAY_SENTINEL: array of length 0
 * - arrayLength == 0 && data > UA_EMPTY_ARRAY_SENTINEL: scalar value
 * - arrayLength > 0: array of the given length */
typedef struct {
    const UA_DataType *type; /* The data type description */
    enum {
        UA_VARIANT_DATA,          /* The data has the same lifecycle as the variant */
        UA_VARIANT_DATA_NODELETE, /* The data is "borrowed" by the variant and shall not be
                                     deleted at the end of the variant's lifecycle. */
    } storageType;
    size_t arrayLength;  // The number of elements in the data array
    void *data; // Points to the scalar or array data
    size_t arrayDimensionsSize; // The number of dimensions the data-array has
    UA_Int32 *arrayDimensions; // The length of each dimension of the data-array
} UA_Variant;

/* Returns true if the variant contains a scalar value. Note that empty variants contain
 * an array of length -1 (undefined).
 *
 * @param v The variant
 * @return Does the variant contain a scalar value. */
static UA_INLINE UA_Boolean
UA_Variant_isScalar(const UA_Variant *v) {
    return (v->arrayLength == 0 && v->data > UA_EMPTY_ARRAY_SENTINEL);
}
    
/* Set the variant to a scalar value that already resides in memory. The value takes on
 * the lifecycle of the variant and is deleted with it.
 *
 * @param v The variant
 * @param p A pointer to the value data
 * @param type The datatype of the value in question */
void UA_EXPORT UA_Variant_setScalar(UA_Variant *v, void * UA_RESTRICT p, const UA_DataType *type);

/* Set the variant to a scalar value that is copied from an existing variable.
 * @param v The variant
 * @param p A pointer to the value data
 * @param type The datatype of the value
 * @return Indicates whether the operation succeeded or returns an error code */
UA_StatusCode UA_EXPORT UA_Variant_setScalarCopy(UA_Variant *v, const void *p, const UA_DataType *type);

/* Set the variant to an array that already resides in memory. The array takes on the
 * lifecycle of the variant and is deleted with it.
 *
 * @param v The variant
 * @param array A pointer to the array data
 * @param arraySize The size of the array
 * @param type The datatype of the array */
void UA_EXPORT
UA_Variant_setArray(UA_Variant *v, void * UA_RESTRICT array,
                    size_t arraySize, const UA_DataType *type);

/* Set the variant to an array that is copied from an existing array.
 *
 * @param v The variant
 * @param array A pointer to the array data
 * @param arraySize The size of the array
 * @param type The datatype of the array
 * @return Indicates whether the operation succeeded or returns an error code */
UA_StatusCode UA_EXPORT
UA_Variant_setArrayCopy(UA_Variant *v, const void *array,
                        size_t arraySize, const UA_DataType *type);

/**
 * NumericRanges are used to indicate subsets of a (multidimensional) variant
 * array. NumericRange has no official type structure in the standard. On the
 * wire, it only exists as an encoded string, such as "1:2,0:3,5". The colon
 * separates min/max index and the comma separates dimensions. A single value
 * indicates a range with a single element (min==max). */
typedef struct {
    size_t dimensionsSize;
    struct UA_NumericRangeDimension {
        UA_UInt32 min;
        UA_UInt32 max;
    } *dimensions;
} UA_NumericRange;

/* Copy the variant, but use only a subset of the (multidimensional) array into a variant.
 * Returns an error code if the variant is not an array or if the indicated range does not
 * fit.
 *
 * @param src The source variant
 * @param dst The target variant
 * @param range The range of the copied data
 * @return Returns UA_STATUSCODE_GOOD or an error code */
UA_StatusCode UA_EXPORT
UA_Variant_copyRange(const UA_Variant *src, UA_Variant *dst, const UA_NumericRange range);

/* Insert a range of data into an existing variant. The data array can't be reused afterwards if it
 * contains types without a fixed size (e.g. strings) since the members are moved into the variant
 * and take on its lifecycle.
 *
 * @param v The variant
 * @param dataArray The data array. The type must match the variant
 * @param dataArraySize The length of the data array. This is checked to match the range size.
 * @param range The range of where the new data is inserted
 * @return Returns UA_STATUSCODE_GOOD or an error code */
UA_StatusCode UA_EXPORT
UA_Variant_setRange(UA_Variant *v, void * UA_RESTRICT array,
                    size_t arraySize, const UA_NumericRange range);

/* Deep-copy a range of data into an existing variant.
 *
 * @param v The variant
 * @param dataArray The data array. The type must match the variant
 * @param dataArraySize The length of the data array. This is checked to match the range size.
 * @param range The range of where the new data is inserted
 * @return Returns UA_STATUSCODE_GOOD or an error code */
UA_StatusCode UA_EXPORT
UA_Variant_setRangeCopy(UA_Variant *v, const void *array,
                        size_t arraySize, const UA_NumericRange range);

/**
 * DataValue
 * ^^^^^^^^^
 * A data value with an associated status code and timestamps. */
typedef struct {
    UA_Boolean    hasValue             : 1;
    UA_Boolean    hasStatus            : 1;
    UA_Boolean    hasSourceTimestamp   : 1;
    UA_Boolean    hasServerTimestamp   : 1;
    UA_Boolean    hasSourcePicoseconds : 1;
    UA_Boolean    hasServerPicoseconds : 1;
    UA_Variant    value;
    UA_StatusCode status;
    UA_DateTime   sourceTimestamp;
    UA_UInt16     sourcePicoseconds;
    UA_DateTime   serverTimestamp;
    UA_UInt16     serverPicoseconds;
} UA_DataValue;

/**
 * DiagnosticInfo
 * ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 * A structure that contains detailed error and diagnostic information
 * associated with a StatusCode. */
typedef struct UA_DiagnosticInfo {
    UA_Boolean    hasSymbolicId          : 1;
    UA_Boolean    hasNamespaceUri        : 1;
    UA_Boolean    hasLocalizedText       : 1;
    UA_Boolean    hasLocale              : 1;
    UA_Boolean    hasAdditionalInfo      : 1;
    UA_Boolean    hasInnerStatusCode     : 1;
    UA_Boolean    hasInnerDiagnosticInfo : 1;
    UA_Int32      symbolicId;
    UA_Int32      namespaceUri;
    UA_Int32      localizedText;
    UA_Int32      locale;
    UA_String     additionalInfo;
    UA_StatusCode innerStatusCode;
    struct UA_DiagnosticInfo *innerDiagnosticInfo;
} UA_DiagnosticInfo;

/**
 * Generic Type Handling
 * ---------------------
 * The builtin types can be combined to data structures. All information about a
 * (structured) data type is stored in a ``UA_DataType``. The array ``UA_TYPES``
 * contains the description of all standard-defined types and is used for
 * handling of generic types. */
typedef struct {
#ifdef UA_ENABLE_TYPENAMES
    const char *memberName;
#endif
    UA_UInt16 memberTypeIndex;    /* Index of the member in the array of data types */
    UA_Byte   padding;            /* How much padding is there before this member element?
                                     For arrays this is the padding before the size_t
                                     lenght member. (No padding between size_t and the
                                     following ptr.) */
    UA_Boolean namespaceZero : 1; /* The type of the member is defined in namespace zero.
                                     In this implementation, types from custom namespace
                                     may contain members from the same namespace or ns0
                                     only.*/
    UA_Boolean isArray       : 1; /* The member is an array */
} UA_DataTypeMember;
    
struct UA_DataType {
#ifdef UA_ENABLE_TYPENAMES
    const char *typeName;
#endif
    UA_NodeId  typeId;           /* The nodeid of the type */
    UA_UInt16  memSize;          /* Size of the struct in memory */
    UA_UInt16  typeIndex;        /* Index of the type in the datatypetable */
    UA_Byte    membersSize;      /* How many members does the type have? */
    UA_Boolean builtin      : 1; /* The type is "builtin" and has dedicated de- and
                                    encoding functions */
    UA_Boolean fixedSize    : 1; /* The type (and its members) contains no pointers */
    UA_Boolean overlayable  : 1; /* The type has the identical memory layout in
                                    memory and on the binary stream. */
    UA_DataTypeMember *members;
};

/** The following functions are used for generic handling of data types. */

/* Allocates and initializes a variable of type dataType
 *
 * @param type The datatype description
 * @return Returns the memory location of the variable or (void*)0 if no memory is available */
void UA_EXPORT * UA_new(const UA_DataType *type) UA_FUNC_ATTR_MALLOC;

/* Initializes a variable to default values
 *
 * @param p The memory location of the variable
 * @param type The datatype description */
static UA_INLINE void
UA_init(void *p, const UA_DataType *type) {
    memset(p, 0, type->memSize);
}

/* Copies the content of two variables. If copying fails (e.g. because no memory was
 * available for an array), then dst is emptied and initialized to prevent memory leaks.
 *
 * @param src The memory location of the source variable
 * @param dst The memory location of the destination variable
 * @param type The datatype description
 * @return Indicates whether the operation succeeded or returns an error code */
UA_StatusCode UA_EXPORT UA_copy(const void *src, void *dst, const UA_DataType *type);

/* Deletes the dynamically allocated content of a variable (e.g. resets all arrays to
 * undefined arrays). Afterwards, the variable can be safely deleted without causing
 * memory leaks. But the variable is not initialized and may contain old data that is not
 * memory-relevant.
 *
 * @param p The memory location of the variable
 * @param type The datatype description of the variable */
void UA_EXPORT UA_deleteMembers(void *p, const UA_DataType *type);

/* Frees a variable and all of its content.
 *
 * @param p The memory location of the variable
 * @param type The datatype description of the variable */
void UA_EXPORT UA_delete(void *p, const UA_DataType *type);

/**
 * Random Number Generator
 * -----------------------
 * If UA_ENABLE_MULTITHREADING is defined, then the seed is stored in thread local
 * storage. The seed is initialized for every thread in the server/client. */
void UA_EXPORT UA_random_seed(UA_UInt64 seed);
UA_UInt32 UA_EXPORT UA_UInt32_random(void); /* do not use for cryptographic entropy */
UA_Guid UA_EXPORT UA_Guid_random(void); /* do not use for cryptographic entropy */

#ifdef __cplusplus
} // extern "C"
#endif

#endif /* UA_TYPES_H_ */